Dominating entity
This is the most common form of a 51% attack. In this attack, an entity gains more than 51% of the overall network hash rate and starts to control all the operations.
A “dominating entity” attack, also known as a “dominant miner” attack, is a type of attack on a blockchain network in which a single entity controls a majority of the network’s mining power. This allows the entity to have significant influence over the network and potentially manipulate it in various ways.
For example, the entity could prevent transactions from being confirmed, reverse transactions that have already been completed, or block other miners from completing blocks. This type of attack can be highly disruptive to the network and can undermine its security and integrity.
Bitcoin Gold famously suffered this form of a 51% attack and was forced to go through a hard fork to decentralize mining operations.
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